Dysphonia/hoarseness

Patients with changes in voice would be under this category. Can be a result of vocal chord nodules/lesions, thinning of the vocal chords, severe reflux, or due to inadequate use of voice. Is evaluated using flexible nasolaryngoscopy. Interventions include speech therapy, medications, or even surgical intervention if indicated.

Dysphagia/odynophagia

Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) or pain with swallowing (odynophagia) are symptoms that could present in patients with a compressive neck mass, severe reflux, or lesions in the throat. Is evaluated using flexible nasolaryngoscopy as well as ordering a barium swallow study.

LPR/acid reflux

When acid spills into the throat, our throat responds by producing excessive mucous. Patients typically present with frequent throat clearing, globus (sensation something is stuck in the throat), and throat discomfort. Is diagnosed by patient history as well direct visualization with flexible nasolaryngoscopy. Is typically managed with aggressive dosing of anti-reflux medication and diet modifications.